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  • [CALL FOR PAPERS] A+I WPS #03 Architecture, Colonialism, and East Asian Labour

    [CALL FOR PAPERS] A+I WPS #03 Architecture, Colonialism, and East Asian Labour

    Journal: A+I Working Paper Series, Issue #03
    Guest Editor: Jingliang Du
    Abstracts Submission Deadline: 8 June 2026


    Summary

    This issue invites contributions that examine how architectural labour sustained, mediated, and contested colonial and imperial power, with a focus on East Asian contexts through the twentieth century. The call asks what becomes visible when buildings, infrastructures, and urban spaces are approached through the labour that produced them. Who recruited, trained, and supervised those who built? How were skills transmitted, tools adapted, and materials handled across local, colonial, and imperial systems? How did subcontracting practices and everyday negotiations shape relations of authority on building sites? Taken together, what forms of knowledge, dependency, conflict, and resistance emerge when construction is treated as a social and political process?

    Labour has emerged as a generative lens for architectural and urban history, reorienting attention from completed objects toward the conditions and relations of their making. Recent work on Chinese workers on the Yunnan–Indochina Railway (Selda Altan, 2024) and initiatives such as the Stanford Chinese Railroad Workers in North America have demonstrated how historical narratives shift when builders, craft workers, and migrant labourers are moved from the margins to the centre of historical inquiry. Attending to labour extends and complicates histories of colonial architecture that have often centred on representation, planning, institutional power, and stylistic transfer. On colonial and imperial building sites, architectural authority was rarely stable: it was made and remade through encounters between supervisors and workers, local knowledge and imported technique, formal contracts and informal arrangements. By foregrounding sources such as wage records, apprenticeship documents, accident reports, subcontracting agreements, and related sources, this issue aims to open new lines of inquiry and prompt different questions about familiar structures, figures, and histories.

    East Asia provides a rich but open-ended regional frame. This issue welcomes contributions in two overlapping directions. The first concerns sites of colonial and imperial encounter within the region, including treaty ports, concessions, occupied territories, and colonial cities such as Shanghai, Macau, Taipei, Incheon, and Hanoi, where labour organisation, skill transfer, and building authority unfolded under conditions of contested sovereignty. The second follows East Asian labourers into broader global built environments, examining the material and social traces they left in construction sites, infrastructure projects, and urban landscapes worldwide. Cross-regional perspectives are especially encouraged.

    The issue is open to historical, empirical, theoretical, and critical approaches, including archival case studies, quantitative or systematic research, labour history, postcolonial theory, urban history, construction history, material culture studies, and digital methods. Contributions may address the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, as well as earlier periods. The working paper format is intended to support focused findings, methodological experiments, and exploratory arguments rather than exhaustive, fully resolved journal articles. Submissions from early-career researchers, independent scholars, and established academics are all warmly welcomed.

    Please send your 300-word abstract to dujl22@connect.hku.hk by 8 June 2026. All submissions should include a biography (max. 100 words) and contact information for each author. Text submissions should be sent as .doc files. Where applicable, images should be submitted at 72 dpi as uncompressed .tif files. All accepted authors will be asked to submit a 6,000-word article in British English that will be subject to a double-blind peer review.

    Final publication is expected by November 2026.

    Learn more about the A+I WPS journal, calls and guidelines here.

  • [UPCOMING] Archival Pace: Bureaucratic Orders, Silences, and Critical Archival Practices in Documenting Public Works and Labour in Africa

    [UPCOMING] Archival Pace: Bureaucratic Orders, Silences, and Critical Archival Practices in Documenting Public Works and Labour in Africa

    Event: Archival Education and Research Initiative (AERI) 2026 Conference
    Panel Chairs: Filipa Lopes; Sónia Pereira Henrique
    Authors: Filipa Lopes; Sónia Pereira Henrique; Ana Vaz Milheiro; Francesca Vita; Beatriz Serrazina; Inês Lima Rodrigues; Fernando Pires

    Date: 20-24 July 2026

    Location: University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC



    Summary

    This panel, comprising members of the interdisciplinary team of the ERC ArchLabour project, adopts the concept of archival pace as a guiding lens for understanding historical archives inherited from the Portuguese colonial administration in Africa. By combining critical analysis of these archives with interdisciplinary approaches, from archival description practices to oral histories, the panel argues that grasping labour in public works requires a dual movement: recognising the limits imposed by colonial and postcolonial bureaucracies and archives and finding ways to make visible practices and experiences they silenced, particularly those of workers.

    First, Milheiro and Vita explore how waged workers are represented in the records, thereby discussing simultaneously the presence and agency of women in colonial public works (PW), a presence often obscured by interpretative frameworks embedded in records and archival description practices. Serrazina examines the Diamang archive, using the company’s extractive activities in Angola as evidence of socio-spatial control and labour discipline, and as a documentary technology that simultaneously produced categories, silenced resistance, shaping both landscapes and labour.

    Henrique, drawing on her background working at the Portuguese Overseas Historical Archive, elaborates on how different rhythms and practices in PW and labour records affect access to information, interrogating how archival authority is constructed. Lopes and Pires address how archival description, or its absence, in the archives of Cabo Verde shapes access to information and memory on PW, proposing collaborative indexing and metadata strategies that render overlooked workers and dynamics visible.

    Finally, Rodrigues analyses housing and public works records, tracing bureaucratic and technical rhythms shaped by control and standardisation, and advancing slow-archive approaches grounded in oral histories to reinforce memory and inform architectural practice. Together, the panel conceptualises the archive as a contested field where interdisciplinary collaboration can address archival asymmetries and foreground overlooked dimensions of construction and labour.

    Communications in this panel

    Ana Vaz Milheiro and Francesca Vita, Women, Labour and Visibility in Colonial Public Works Records

    Beatriz Serrazina, The Diamang Archive as Corporate Technology: Categories, Absences and Socio-Spatial Control

    Sónia Pereira Henrique, Slowly Seeking Authority: Content and Use of Public Works Records at the Portuguese Overseas Historical Archive

    Filipa Lopes and Fernando Pires, Between Silences and Labyrinths: Contributions to Improving Access to Information and Memory on Labour and Public Works in Cabo Verde’s Archives

    Inês Lima Rodrigues, Colonial and Postcolonial Housing and Public Works: Archival Rhythms, Silences and Unarchiving

    _

    Click here for the full programme.

    [Cover image] Building of the Directorate‑General of Public Works Services, Lourenço Marques (Mozambique). In Relatório do Governador Geral de Moçambique (1940-1942), ID AMU08748.3, AHU, cx. 3/1726.1. Courtesy of the PT, AHU.

  • Captadas em trânsito: duas mulheres arquitectas e a mobilidade do trabalho entre Portugal e Macau (1960–1985)

    Captadas em trânsito: duas mulheres arquitectas e a mobilidade do trabalho entre Portugal e Macau (1960–1985)

    Event: Ciclo de Investigação Rede Tagus, Conversa#10 “Arquitetura, Cultura e Identidade”

    Author: Leonor Matos Silva

    Date: 26 May 2026

    Location: Sede da Ordem dos Arquitectos, Lisboa



    Summary

    A comunicação baseia-se num estudo que examina as trajectórias itinerantes de duas arquitectas portuguesas, e das suas famílias, que trabalharam no território que é hoje a Região Administrativa Especial de Macau durante a segunda metade do século XX, quando este se encontrava ainda sob administração portuguesa (até 1999). Interroga-se o significado destas trajectórias para a história da arquitectura. O ponto de partida é uma única fotografia de 1971, de autor anónimo, que retrata as duas mulheres — acompanhadas por três crianças — na pista do aeroporto de Lourenço Marques (actual Maputo). A partir desta imagem, reconstrói-se o percurso profissional destas arquitectas iniciado em Portugal e prolongado por Goa, Estados Unidos da América, Moçambique e Macau. Defende-se que a mobilidade feminina no contexto da diáspora arquitectónica através de África e da Ásia, entre as décadas de 1960 e 1980, não deve ser entendida como um fenómeno isolado, mas antes como parte de um movimento histórico mais amplo.

    Programa completo aqui.

    Cover image: Leonor Figueira and her three children, and Natália Gomes, arrival at Lourenço Marques airport. Leonor Figueira’s archive.

  • Portuguese Modern Design and the Contemporary Materialities of the Empire

    Portuguese Modern Design and the Contemporary Materialities of the Empire

    Event: Crafting Furniture in the Global South: Contemporary Practices, Histories and Futures
    Organiser: Dr Rukmini Chaturvedi 

    Author: Francesca Vita

    Date: 9 May 2026

    Location: Design History Society online symposium


    Logs shipping at the Port of Ponta Negra, Cabinda [PT/AHU]
    Double School Desk, Móveis Olaio, José Espinho [PT/MCS]

    Summary

    This article examines the materialities of the Portuguese Empire in everyday furniture, raising questions about the relationship between extractive material ecology in Guinea-Bissau, Angola, and Mozambique and furniture in post-war Portugal. In the post-war years, public buildings and middleclass houses were characterized by furnishings mostly made of tropical woods. African timber was extracted, processed, and shipped from the colonies to the metropole, where it was primarily used in the production of furniture and in interior design. Renowned Portuguese companies, such as Olaio, produced a wide range of design products from African woods, contributing to furnishing both the private and public dimensions of the Empire and to developing a modern lifestyle in Portugal.

    On the one hand, by drawing from the analysis of iconic pieces of design that shaped the history of furniture in Portugal and that are still in use in public and private spaces and, on the other hand, by examining the imperial trade of timber in the post-war period, this article raises questions about the relationship between Empires and the design industry, between furniture making and the transimperial economy, and between the Global North and South regarding furniture.

    Based on archival materials from Portuguese manufacturers, architects, and designers, as well as documentation from colonial archives regarding timber trade, this article simultaneously highlights the place of production and the point of consumption of modern design. In doing so, it challenges the Western-centric history of design in the post-war era that has minimized the connection between modern design and extractive material ecology in the Global South. The Portuguese case study is treated as a pilot subject matter to broaden the discussion to other European countries about the interdependence between modern design and imperial projects, questioning what remains of this legacy today both in the history and practice of furniture making.

    Cover image: Log’s sawing at Olaio factory, Loures (196?) [courtesy of Museu de Cerâmica de Sacavém ]

  • Villages as Construction Sites. Recording Compulsory Settlement in the Zambezi Valley Through Aerial Photographs, Mozambique (1970–1974)

    Villages as Construction Sites. Recording Compulsory Settlement in the Zambezi Valley Through Aerial Photographs, Mozambique (1970–1974)

    Journal: Ædificare, Revue internationale d’histoire de la construction, 2025 – 2, n. 18 [Construction Site Photography]
    Authors: Ana Vaz Milheiro

    Editors: Laurence Heindryckx, Tom Broes, Simon De Nys-Ketels, and Robby Fivez
    Publication: Garnier Classics, 2026


    Estima. Construction of a school. General view of the village. Sector B – Rural Redevelopment. Subsect. 11. July/1974 [96/7/74] Zambezi Plan Office. Photographic archive [AHU, PT/IPAD/MU/GM/GPZ/2332/07236]
    Pandira village. Municipality of Barué – Vila Gouveia. Sector D – Subsector 8-17. May/1973 [99/5/73] Zambezi Plan Office. Photographic archive [AHU, PT/IPAD/MU/GM/GPZ/2332/07236].

    Summary

    The forced resettlement in the Zambezi Valley in the province of Tete brought together military and economic interests to serve the extension of Portuguese colonialism in Mozambique. It was set up during the Colonial War (1964-1974) as a means of halting the progress of the Mozambique Liberation Movement (FRELIMO), but also because of the launch of the Cabora Bassa dam’s construction.

    Although this construction produced one of the most complex construction sites in Portuguese colonial history, the focus of this analysis is on the colossal resettlement operation associated with its completion, as a double consequence of the reservoir and the war. The dynamics of territorial reordering, which began in 1968, transformed a region of around 100,724 square kilometers into a huge construction site of fluctuating intensity. Building systems that had been practiced in the region for centuries coexisted with new technologies resulting from the influx of industrial materials, creating a “creolized” rural landscape.

    To document the process, around 400 photographs were taken, many of them from helicopters or planes, reinforcing a view of a subalternized reality through a uniform and orthogonal layout that contrasted with the pre-colonial segmented landscape. The five photographs that make up this essay are part of this group of aerial photographs and have been titled in sequence: Foundation; Surveillance; Polyphony; Order; Skilled. Taken as an “bird’s-eye view”, they not only allowed to follow the perspective of the colonial authorities, avoiding direct contact with the population, but also to grasp the simultaneity of tasks in the construction of a village.

    One wonders about absence (Foliard, 2023): at no point did the camera stray into explicit violence. Contrary to the written documentation that also listed these operations, figurative evidence was denied for events such as the destruction of ancestral settlements or the frequent resistance to being an “aldeado”.

    Read the full article here.

  • The Technical Gaze. Exploring Photographic Dissonances and Colonial Narratives in the Mabubas Dam, Angola, 1948–1954

    The Technical Gaze. Exploring Photographic Dissonances and Colonial Narratives in the Mabubas Dam, Angola, 1948–1954

    Journal: Ædificare, Revue internationale d’histoire de la construction, 2025 – 2, n. 18 [Construction Site Photography]
    Authors: Ana Vaz Milheiro; Beatriz Serrazina

    Editors: Laurence Heindryckx, Tom Broes, Simon De Nys-Ketels, and Robby Fivez
    Publication: Garnier Classics, 2026


    Group of four houses for single workers [top right, a child laying bricks on the side wall of the house], Mabubas, 1948 [AHU, OP3010].
    Diversion tunnel; underwater works, Mabubas, Angola, 1951 [AHU, Inspection Report, OP3010]

    Summary

    The Mabubas Dam, built in Angola between 1948 and 1954, was the first major infrastructure project promoted by the Portuguese state in Africa. It was designed to bolster colonialism against the growing criticism after World War II. Located near the country’s capital, Luanda, the dam’s sheer size—70 meters in length—transformed the area into a bustling, dynamic construction site. This project involved thousands of people, multiple tasks, and complex labor interactions.

    This article delves into two illustrated reports written by Portuguese engineers at different stages of the dam’s construction, offering a unique insight into the project’s evolution and the contrasting perspectives of the experts involved. While their technical expertise was paramount, their observations reveal a more complex and often conflicting narrative about the colonial enterprise. The first report, dating from 1948, included a series of monthly accounts and emphasized the technological advancements and ‘modernity’ of the dam endeavor. The second report, written in 1949, shifts focus to the daily realities of the construction site, providing a more nuanced, and arguably more critical, view of the project’s socio-spatial dimensions.

    These materials reveal interactions, conflicts, and contradictions arising from different actors and agendas. In particular, the photographs provide new and deeper layers of information by telling parallel stories to the written records. This information highlights how the engineers navigated the site and the often-overlooked contributions and struggles of marginalized groups. Women, for example, who were absent from the text, could be seen in the images. This disparity between the textual and visual sources raises important questions: What can we learn about the roles and tasks assigned to workers, the racial inequalities embedded in the system, and the dynamics of gender relations? What can be learned from this technical gaze and different photograph perspectives – simultaneously “colonial” and “negotiated” – about the engineers’ interactions within the construction site, as well as those of the workers being photographed? The article explores the differences between the words and photographs in the reports from different perspectives and on different topics. This challenges the nature of colonial narratives and offers fresh insights into spatial production, labor interactions and how power and landscapes were constructed, documented and remembered.

    Read the full article here.

  • Participation in Seminar “Buildings, Space, Power: Postcolonial and Decolonial Histories of the Built Environment”

    Participation in Seminar “Buildings, Space, Power: Postcolonial and Decolonial Histories of the Built Environment”

    Seminar: Buildings, Space, Power: Postcolonial and Decolonial Histories of the Built Environment

    Organiser: Itohan Osayimwese (inviting Professor)
    Authors: Beatriz Serrazina
    Date: 13 April 2026

    Location: Brown University [online]


    Summary

    Participation in the Seminar Buildings, Space, Power: Postcolonial and Decolonial Histories of the Built Environment, coordinated by Professor Itohan Osayimwese, at Brown University. It consisted of a presentation on the ArchLabour project and a brief report on the Colonial and Post-Colonial Conference: Architecture, Cities, Labour, which took place in Lisbon in February 2026. It also included the presentation of ongoing research and a conversation with graduate students about the book chapter ‘Building the Fringes of Empire: Mining Companies, Transnational Experts, Race and Space in Colonial Africa’, which was published in the Critical Companion to Race and Architecture (Routledge, 2025), edited by Felipe Hernández and Itohan Osayimwese. Topics discussed ranged from oral history as a methodology and extractivism to race and racism, expertise and skills, the production of spatial knowledge over time, archives and the selective mobilisation of socio-spatial categories.

    More about the seminar here.

  • A construção territorial de Cabo Verde – Diálogos entre ilhas: As facetas invisíveis da ocupação do interior

    A construção territorial de Cabo Verde – Diálogos entre ilhas: As facetas invisíveis da ocupação do interior

    Publication: Arquipélagos em Diálogo, VI Seminário Internacional AEAULP
    Authors: Fernando Pires
    Editors: Pedro Rodrigues, Ljijana Čavić and Hugo L. Farias

    Date: 2026


    Áreas mais povoadas da Ilha de São Nicolau. Intervenção sobre pormenor da carta de António Carlos Andreas (c. 178.). Biblioteca Pública Municipal do Porto, Pasta 24. Figura 30.
    Áreas mais povoadas da Ilha da Boavista. Intervenção sobre pormenor da carta de António Carlos Andreas (c. 178.). Biblioteca Pública Municipal do Porto, Pasta 24. Figura 29.

    Summary

    O processo de construção e estruturação do território em Cabo Verde ocorreu de forma lenta e desigual. Essas caraterísticas confirmam a dificuldade em desenhar os seus contornos, sobretudo pela sua longa temporalidade, quase quatro séculos, e também pela natureza cíclica que o acompanha. Os ciclos de povoamento e ocupação das ilhas estão correlacionados com as diferentes fases da história do arquipélago e com a estreita ligação que se estabelece em cada uma delas com as sucessivas transformações da sociedade cabo-verdiana, de escravocrata em camponesa. Nestes ciclos, irromperam cidades, vilas e povoações que organizaram, estruturaram e modelaram o território. São elas os núcleos a partir de onde se estabeleceu um diálogo contínuo entre as ilhas levantando questões relativas à própria identidade do arquipélago, que sucessivamente se reconfigurava. Neste artigo, pretende-se trazer para a discussão este processo e clarificar os interstícios da formação e estruturação do território em Cabo Verde, tendo em conta os diferentes agentes e temporalidades das transformações do território, onde se incluem europeus, africanos e a população já nascida nas ilhas. A intenção é afastar-se da forma tradicional de leitura do processo, em que o foco prioritário são os núcleos urbanos do litoral, invertendo o olhar para o interior.


    [Eixo temático: 9. Cidade e território, (in)formalidades e temporalidades.]

    Read the article here.

  • Conhecer os trabalhadores e os processos de construção através de registos fotográficos de obras em Macau (1938-1973)

    Conhecer os trabalhadores e os processos de construção através de registos fotográficos de obras em Macau (1938-1973)

    Publication: Arquipélagos em Diálogo, VI Seminário Internacional AEAULP
    Authors: Ana Vaz Milheiro
    Editors: Pedro Rodrigues, Ljijana Čavić and Hugo L. Farias

    Date: 2026


    Construção de infra-estruturas na Rua Conselheiro Horta e Costa (Gastão Borges, Repartição Técnica de Obras Publicas de Macau, Relatório do ano de 1940, p. 138, AHU: OP01964/Photo)
    Hangar em construção com trabalhadores chineses em primeiro plano e ao fundo o tecnico com chapeu colonial(José Rodrigues Moutinho, Repartição Técnica de Obras Publicas de Macau, Relatório do ano de 1939, AHU: OP01963/Photo)

    Summary

    How did the workers who built Macau’s major infrastructure and public buildings under Portuguese rule influence the design and construction processes? What was the relationship between central institutions based in Portugal and the Macanese Public Works Office, which was also heavily influenced by technicians from China and Hong Kong?
    This presentation attempts to answer these questions by analysing two sets of photographs contained in two administrative reports separated by about four decades. While one of them anticipated the Second World War, corresponding to the full implementation of the Colonial Act (1930); the other was contemporary with the end of Portuguese colonialism in Africa, coinciding with a sequence of public works that would ultimately Portuguese governance until the 1999 handover, such as the Macau-Taipa Bridge.
    The first report was written in 1938 by engineer José Rodrigues Moutinho, who headed the Technical Department of Public Works in Macau. The second report reproduces the architect Pedro Quirino da Fonseca’s fieldtrip to Macau around 1973. This report serves this research by demonstrating how the architect’s gaze was often “sidetracked” to surveying the buildings rather than the construction process.
    Research on colonial public works in Macau, especially in the 20th century, is still scarce, and little is known about their management and labour. In response, this paper will assess the impact of the work reproduced in these images to investigate the role of these (still) invisible workers.


    [Eixo temático: 5. Património, lugar e memória.]

    Read the article here.

  • A Arquitecta Milanka Lima Gomes na Guiné-Bissau: da cooperação internacional às “brigadas” técnicas e de construção

    A Arquitecta Milanka Lima Gomes na Guiné-Bissau: da cooperação internacional às “brigadas” técnicas e de construção

    Publication: Arquipélagos em Diálogo, VI Seminário Internacional AEAULP
    Authors: Francesca Vita, Leonor Matos Silva
    Editors: Pedro Rodrigues, Ljijana Čavić and Hugo L. Farias

    Date: 2026


    Estaleiro de obra das casas do Bairro-piloto de trabalhadores em Brá, Bissau (1978). Colecção privada de Milanka Lima Gomes.
    Produção de blocos de terra estabilizada “nô cumpu”, Bairro-piloto de trabalhadores em Brá, Bissau (1978). Colecção privada de Milanka Lima Gomes.

    Summary

    Depois da independência de Portugal em 1974, a Guiné-Bissau iniciou um período de construção do recém estado-nação durante o qual a arquitectura e a construção civil ganharam protagonismo. Apoiados pela cooperação internacional, os esforços pós-independência assistiram à formação de equipas, ou “brigadas” técnicas e de construção multidisciplinares nas quais a arquitecta Milanka Lima Gomes, desempenhou um papel crucial. Este artigo examina o papel da arquitecta servo-guineense Lima Gomes, primeira Directora Geral de Planificação Urbana e Projectos (1974-1991), com cerne de uma rede única de profissionais, homens e mulheres dedicados à construção da nação pós-independência, onde a arquitectura, a política, e as alianças internacionais se cruzaram. Através da recolha de fontes primarias, este estudo destaca, o papel de Lima Gomes na coordenação das referidas “brigadas” e delineia pela primeira vez os actores que nelas participaram, as suas trajectórias e os sistemas de apoio e mútua influência que estes técnicos criaram enraizados na solidariedade e alinhados com os ideais políticos do Estado recém soberano. Os cooperantes, politicamente empenhados, muitas vezes vistos como uma elite, criaram laços no seio das suas “brigadas” bem como nas comunidades locais, fundindo a colaboração profissional com o empenho partilhado no crescimento da nação.


    [Eixo temático: 4. Contaminações e transversalidades]

    Read the article here.